Scientific paper

From EmergiaWiki

1 Squeezing scientific papers
- 1.1 The problem
- 1.2 The solution
2 Structure of scientific papers
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Materials and methods
3 Arquitecture
4 Documentation
5 Links
- 5.1 How to squeeze a scientific paper
- 5.2 How to write a scientific paper

[edit] Squeezing scientific papers

[edit] The problem

There are now approximately 5.5 million researchers worldwide
Around 1.4 million articles are written annually by these researchers
These articles are published in 23,000 scholarly journals
There are about 2,000 publishers publishing these scholarly journals
These publishers are made up of learned societies, university presses and independent publishers
The number of articles and number of journals published each year have increased steadily by about 3% and 3.5% per annum, respectively. The growth in number of researchers is equally persistent, at about 3% per year.

(Source: International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers. White paper http://www.stm-assoc.org/overview-of-stm/)

[edit] The solution

At present there is no optimal tool that I know to read and process information found at scientific papers. So, there is room for a tool that would make life easier to researches who have to deal with scientific literature, a tool that we could call Paper Squeezer.

PaperGrinder

Patentado: http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5340034/description.html

PaperSqueezer

RIP Mr. Whipple [1]

OpenLibrary

Zotero

Can we improve it? http://www.zotero.org/ Wikipedia

We will analyse the structure of a scientific paper and make annotations on how to process them.

[edit] Structure of scientific papers

Based on [2]

Metadata: title, authors, affiliation, date, abstract, keywords, conference, slides, url
Abstract
Introduction
Related work
Materials and methods
Results
Discussion
Concluding remarks
References
Appendices

[edit] Introduction

begin by introducing the reader to the pertinent literature
demonstrate the need for the current study
state clearly the scope and objectives
a brief statement of the principal findings
- idea of where the paper is heading in order to follow the development of the evidence

[edit] Materials and methods

provide enough detail for a competent worker to repeat your study and reproduce the results
- the scientific method requires that your results be reproducible, and you must provide a basis for repetition of the study by others
if necessary, describe the study area in greater detail than is possible in the Introduction
equipment and materials available off the shelf should be described exactly
the usual order of presentation of methods is chronological, however related methods may need to be described together and strict chronological order cannot always be followed
describe measurements and include errors of measurement

[edit] Arquitecture

The tool that we have in mind for squeezing scientific paper should have the following elemnets:

A PDF2XML converter http://sourceforge.net/projects/pdf2xml
An XML authoring tool
A cition harvester (similar to IDEA)
NLP/NER: name entity recognizer
Knowledge extracting tool (similar to YAGO)

[edit] Documentation

Karla L. Hahn (2008) Talk About Talking About New Models of Scholarly Communication. Ann Arbor, MI: Scholarly Publishing Office vol. 11, no. 1, University of Michigan, University Library. Retrieved 2009 March 1 from http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=jep;view=text;rgn=main;idno=3336451.0011.108

Robert P. Crease (2006) Top papers. Phisics world. Retrieved 2009 February from http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/print/24766

Matthew C. Allen (2004) The rhetorical situation of the scientific paper and the "appearence" of objectivity.

Dudley-Evans, T. (1986). Genre analysis: An investigation of the introduction and discussion sections of MSc. dissertation. En M. Coulthard (Ed.), Talking about text (pp. 128-145). Birmingham: English Language Research, Birmingham University.

René Venegas (2006) La similitud léxico-semántica en artículos de investigación científica en español: Una aproximación desde el Análisis Semántico Latente. Revista signos 39,60. Consultado en 2009, 20 de febrero de http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-09342006000100004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es

Peset, Fernanda and Barrueco Cruz, José Manuel and Subirats-Coll, Imma and Noverges Doménech, Natividad and Ferrer-Sapena, Antonia and Lloret Romero, Núria and Tolosa Robledo, Luisa Red española de trabajos científicos : estudio de viabilidad de la implantación de una biblioteca digital y análisis de sus derechos de autor., 2002. Consultado en 2009, febrero de http://eprints.rclis.org/3172/